The 5 Layers of a Tree Trunk

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The anatomy of a tree would truly interest even the most apathetic person. That is because trees are complex parts of nature that provide an infinite list of benefits and an even larger amount of value! There are thousands of tree species in the world, all in different shapes, sizes, colors, yields, and more. But one thing they all have in common: a trunk. All trees, both deciduous and coniferous, have a tree trunk in some form or another. And one of the most interesting facts about tree trunks is that they have 5 different layers! Continue reading to learn more about each layer of tree trunk and the purpose they serve.

Tree Trunks

As mentioned, tree trunks have 5 separate layers to them. They are the outer bark, inner bark (phloem), the cambium cell layer, sapwood, and heartwood. Each layer has their very own purpose, but overall, the trunk’s primary job is to protect and support the tree. Look below to review each layer and what they do.

Outer Bark:

Like a shield, a trunk’s outer bark is there to protect the tree from its outside surroundings, including inclement weather, wildlife, pests, and more. It also controls moisture, by both preventing excess moisture in the rain and snow, and retaining sufficient moisture levels during dry seasons. It also provides insulation in cold weather and protects against sunburn in the summer.

Phloem (Inner Bark):

The phloem, or inner layer of bark, is where food and nutrients are passed through the tree. This layer has a very important job, but a very short lifespan. It eventually dies, turns to cork, and becomes part of the outer layer of bark!

Cambium Cell Layer:

The cambium cell layer is interesting because it is the part of the trunk that grows. Each year, this layer produces more bark and wood as a reaction to the hormones being passed down from the leaves along the food pipeline. These hormones are called auxins, and they are very important because they stimulate new cell growth!

Sapwood:

Sapwood is new wood, and serves an important role as the tree’s water pipeline, delivering water to the entire tree. And as new sapwood is created, the inner cells lose their vigor and turn to heartwood.

Heartwood:

Heartwood is the most inner part of the trunk. It plays an important role in balance, stability, and security for a tree. Technically, heartwood is dead, but it does not atrophy or decay (unless the outer layers are jeopardized). It is made up of a hollow, needle-like cellulose fibers that are joined together by a glue-like chemical called lignin.

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Source by Sarahbeth Kluzinski

Who Is Superdry and What Is a Superdry Backpack?

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The Superdry label is quickly becoming a very popular brand name in the U.S., with their classically casual and fashionably unique apparel. Based on a hybrid of laid-back, American retro combined with pseudo Japanese distinctive styling, the Superdry image is slaying the competition in the fashion industry and setting new trends along the way. Due to their enormous support in London, their reach has transcended beyond any limits thought possible by CEO Julian Dunkerton who initiated the label in conjunction with one of his own. Though their steady but rapid rise to supremacy is largely due to its U.K. roots, it was an American soccer player that has put them on the fast track to global stardom and they’ve played no games ever since.

History at a Glance

In late 2003, the Superdry concept, which served as a segue between Dunkerton’s first, earlier success, Cult Clothing, came into existence during a late night drinking binge with friend and colleague James Holder shortly after Dunkerton returned to London from Tokyo. He was freshly inspired by the rich culture of the orient and admired their strong attention to detail along with their distinct characteristic writing technique so much that he wanted to incorporate it right into his fashion practice. With assistance from Holder and his affluent corporation, their stores began to populate small university providences in England where they prospered almost immediately.

The Superdry brand along with 77Breed and Surf Co California comprise the major brand labels that serve as components to the SuperGroup, formed in 1985 with the founding of Cult Clothing by Julian Dunkerton. The SuperGroup has been ably backed by the success of the Superdry label which leads all brands in total retail though they conduct no formal advertising campaign. Dunkerton expressed his marketing strategies for the label very early on, unofficially commenting that retail pricing would be set at bare minimum thresholds in order to obtain profit for all clothing apparel as opposed to his competitors that drove-up prices to maximize gain. He wanted to present a high quality product at earnest, affordable prices to the public.

In the Media

The biggest moment yet for Superdry and those on their band wagon hit when world famous soccer player and pop icon David Beckham appeared wearing the immensely popular bestselling, “Osaka-6” designer T-shirt in his 2005 calendar. This intrigued Dunkerton enough to give Beckham the “Brad” leather jacket of which he was photographed wearing coming out of Mr. Chows in Beverly Hills one cool, crisp November evening. When the picture was featured in People magazine later that year, sales for the jacket sky rocketed.

The label wasted no time thereafter making the big screen’s “A” list as celebrities alike from Kate Moss to Jude law turned out in full support sporting an array of Superdry clothes and footwear. But as critics will have it, the celebrity make-over is nothing more than just window dressing to the real genius and actual draw to the meat of the label’s phenomenon, generated from the designer-in-chief himself, James Holder. Known to jokingly boast over scribbling his designs for the first few Osaka T-shirts on the back of bar beer-mats, Holder’s ethic in his designs enable him to transform everyday apparel and accessories like jeans, jackets, glasses, etc., into virtual, vintage classics.

The Superdry Backpack and Superdry Bags

As Superdry marches on into different avenues of fashion with regard to accessories such as sunglasses and jewelry, their line of sight has recently shifted to a unique variety of unisex bags and backpacks for travel and outdoor sport. Superdry has manufactured a functional balance of bags for an eclectic series of activities to suit anyone on the go. Here is a brief listing of some of the Superdry backpacks and bags:

• The Superdry rucksack collection combines the features of the rugged outdoorsmen type with the artsy flair of a high school student in terms of style and attitude, offering several types of traditional outdoor hiking packs with all the charm and genuine character to that of an experienced world traveler.

• The Superdry laptop bag and laptop pouch offers fashionable and safe alternatives for carrying your hardware to school or the office by several versatile and functional means. While one is completely weather proof, the other is made from beautiful full grain leather for a sharp, sleek appearance that is sure to make your colleagues jealous.

• The Gymnasium bag embodies all the traits and characteristics of the name and looks just as it sounds. Made from a polyester blend, it’s totally sweat proof and easy to maintain, while large enough to carry all your new muscles home from your last workout.

• The Motorbike Messenger bag is another reason I love these bags so much. Their names depict a replica of their function as this bag is right up the biker type’s alley with a single adjustable strap, leather belt buckle fasteners, and four large external pockets.

• The Weekender bag will send you out the door faster than you can say “vacation get away” with its fine leather trim and leather handle not to mention adjustable detachable strap. You can pack for the weekend and then some with its large internal compartment and three external compartments.

The Superdry backpack is making a real impact on the market as these bags are gaining in popularity every day. They craft a much larger line with the same genuine variety, and they are all worth a look as one is sure to fit your daily mold or routine. Don’t overlook these bags, as they are light weight and crafted from fine materials. The only caveat is that some of these bags can be a little pricey which is unusual for them. Nevertheless, if quality makes your list for consideration, then they have a backpack or bag for you. As Superdry continues to dominate their industry, you can rest assured that their product line is here to stay.

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Source by Michael Brandon Hussey

30% Of Energy Used In A Commercial Building Is Wasted Because Of Inefficiences

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This statistic as published by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is staggering. The energy wasted is due to inefficiencies primarily in the mechanical, electrical and plumbing systems (MEP). If your business is in manufacturing the energy wasted can be significantly more due to the waste heat generated which is often exhausted to the atmosphere. Facilities that operate 24/7/365 such as resort hotels, hospitals, municipalities, institutions, etc., can have a tremendous energy spend as well.

That is why a 15-Step, staged Comprehensive Energy Efficiency Process is recommended to maximize results. Similar to the approach as recommended by the EPA’s Energy Star Program which accounts for the interactions of all the energy flows in a facility. Each stage includes changes that will affect the upgrades performed in subsequent stages, thus setting the overall process up for the greatest energy and cost savings possible. Perfect examples are how the lighting affects the heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, refrigeration (HVAC&R) load and how natural light affects the lighting and HVAC&R systems. How improper ventilation affects work productivity, heating, cooling and motor efficiency.

How Air Infiltration affects the HVAC systems.

The 15-step Program is tailored for the client that has an energy intensive facility and is seeking cost-effective solutions as to how to reduce their energy spend and wants to take action. A client can expect 10-40% in energy reduction after the strategies are implemented. Keep in mind this is year after year savings.

How do you as a business owner or a non-profit address the issue without breaking the bank. There are many cost-effective energy waste reduction strategies that can be implemented. In some cases, there are no-cost energy conservation measures (ECM) and low-cost energy efficiency measures (EEM) that can be implemented immediately that will reduce your energy use. In other cases, there are modifications, upgrades, operational and optimization strategies that will improve the efficiency of the mechanical, electrical and plumbing systems (MEP) and the building envelope.

Every commercial building can use a re-commissioning process to unlock the energy saving potential. Commissioning is essentially a tune up of the major energy consuming systems. E.G. HVAC system, refrigeration, electrical, water heating and other mechanical equipment. However, energy intensive industries will benefit most. Whereas, the mechanical systems rarely shut down because of clientele, production or necessity.

As a business or entity, if you identify as a high energy user, one can benefit from comprehensive energy reduction. Find a professional that is qualified and passionate about energy waste reduction and committed to achieve the best results for their clients.

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Source by Dave Borgaro

Choose the Most Reliable Kenworth Trucks

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Kenworth trucks are one of the world-renowned names in the truck industry that offer the uncompromised quality of its commercial vehicles. Kenworth truck is the most reliable company whose trucks are very well designed by its engineers to meet the required challenges ahead on the road. Kenworth made its name in the vehicle industry way back in 1923, and till now the Kenworth trucks have lived up to its customers’ expectations.

The new Kenworth trucks that are available now are the best in class that has been packed with the powerful features to meet the present day needs. The expertise of the Kenworth truck engineering is reflected by their performances on and off the road. The build quality of the cabin and the rear portion is of extremely high quality that offers longevity and strength to these trucks to last longer even in the most arduous conditions. The body and overall structure is very sturdy and durable that can withstand all types of heavy loads even in the roughest conditions of the roads.

The most remarkable traits of the engineers at Kenworth is that they journey with their customers to gain the firsthand knowledge of the conditions and requirements on the road that can enable them to engineer their maximum output. The brilliance in designing these Kenworth trucks makes the driving extremely comfortable where the driver is well informed about the tasks handling and the vehicle maneuvering.

The driver’s cabin and the passenger compartment have been done up with all the details required so as to deliver much comfort and durability.

Engine and Transmission

The new Kenworth trucks are powered by the Paccar engines which are the most important feature of these vehicles. The Paccar PX8 and PX6 are the mid-sized engines that power up the medium duty tasks to be completed with ease and perfection. The Paccar MX13 and the MX11 are the other more powerful engines with full strength capabilities that can handle heavy duty activities.

Trucks are bundled with the highest quality transmission systems that include the Eaton 9, 10, 13, 15 and 18 Speed Manual and Automated Transmissions and the Allison 5, 6 and 7 Speed Automatic Transmission.

Another important factor for these types of large machines is the axle configuration since the load carried by these vehicles will depend on the axle conditions. The configuration of the axle depends on the type of work it’s going to perform. The Kenworth trucks are very versatile that include the tandem axles, single axles, and the tri-axles.

Wide Variety of Kenworth Truck Models

The 2016 Kenworth truck models are the Class 8, Class 7, Class 6 and the Class 5 vehicles. Class 8 lists the T880 truck which is the most robust and capable of handling all types of heavy activities. The rest of the Class 8 section are the T680, T680 Advantage, T700, T660, W900, T800, and C500.

The Kenworth T470 of Class 7 can deal with heavy duty tasks to medium ones as well. It is powered by the Paccar PX8 engine and is one of the best deals in this segment.

Conclusion

The wide variety and versatility of the Kenworth trucks make them the most trusted and reliable vehicles for driving on all types of terrains. These various aerodynamic and traditional models are the first choices of operators and owners as they are not only durable and vigorous but also comfortable.

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Source by Maria Smith

Experiencing Painful Urination? Here Are 5 Potential Causes & How to Fix Them

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It may feel like a dragon in your drawers; it’s painful urination. Fancy name dysuria, painful urination can be the result of many things from everyday allergies to more serious issues that necessitate a trip to the ER. If you’re feeling a little fiery down low when you go, you definitely want to keep reading to see what’s causing it, how to fix it, and then how to prevent it in the future.

Painful Urination Trigger #1: Allergic Reaction

Allergic reactions are responsible for a lot of issues men face, and this is no different. When some foreign agent comes into contact with the genital region – laundry detergent, soap, or even a partner’s body lotion – and your body doesn’t like it, it can result in an allergic reaction. This could cause a man to experience a fiery, unpleasant urinary experience. Medication can also cause an allergic reaction.

Fix-It: Wash the offending area well with water and air dry. Try to keep it aired out to put less pressure on the allergic reaction. Take an antihistamine if itching, rash, or swelling occurs.

Painful Urination Trigger #2: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

UTIs are a common reason a man may have pain during urination. They happen when bacteria get into the urinary tract, which could be the bladder, urethra, or kidneys. Look for cloudy or blood-tinged urine, pain in the side and back, and low-grade fever.

Fix-It: Most times, UTIs can be remedied in a few days with antibiotics. Drink plenty of water to help the bacteria move out of the system as soon as possible.

Painful Urination Trigger #3: Kidney Stones

A buildup of uric acid and/or calcium, kidney stones are just that – stones in your kidneys. These stones can get lodged where urine and the bladder meet, which can cause pain during urination. Kidney stones can be intensely painful, both having them and trying to pass them.

Fix-It: Well, there’s no easy way to do it, a man has to pee them out. Full disclosure: the pain can be excruciating. If the stones are too big, a doctor may have to use shock wave lithotripsy to break them into smaller pieces that still have to be urinated out.

Painful Urination Trigger #4: Bladder Pain Syndrome (BPS)

When the bladder feels both pain and pressure concurrently, it could be Bladder Pain Syndrome (BPS). It almost always shows up with lower urinary tract issues too, which can last up to six weeks or more without a known cause. Men with medical issues like fibromyalgia, IBS, or other chronic pain issues are most susceptible.

Fix-It: A chronic issue, BPS has no cure. See your doctor for diagnosis and a treatment plan.

Painful Urination Trigger #5: Prostatitis

Prostatitis is a bacterial infection that can lead to pain during urination. Symptoms include an evening urge to urinate, genital aches, and difficulty ejaculating.

Fix-It: You’ll need to head to the doctor for antibiotics to clear things up. It’s important to note that it can take up to three months to be truly rid of prostatitis.

How to Prevent Painful Urination in Men

Preventing pain during urination comes down to a few basic steps. First, be sure to drink plenty of water each day to help flush your kidneys specifically, but your whole system in general. Also, when you gotta go, don’t wait. Third, practice safe sex practices to keep any foreign bacteria out of your system. Be sure to call a doctor if you ever notice things are not “business as usual” in the area – don’t wait!

Finally, keep your penis as clean as possible. Wash it daily with warm water and a mild cleanser like baby wash. Rinse well and air or pat dry, never rub. Get extra protection by applying a specially formulated penis health creme (health professionals recommend Man 1 Man Oil , which has been clinically proven safe and mild for skin). This special lotion, made expressly for delicate penile skin is irritant-free, anti-bacterial, and calming for your most gentle kind of skin.

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Source by John Dugan

What You Should Know About Hot Weather Camping

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Don’t cancel your weekend campout because it’s too hot! Be prepared and enjoy the warm weather. As we reach record high temperatures across the U.S. it’s probably a good time to review some of the tips for hot weather camping. Here are some tips to beat the heat that I have learned from my 25+ years camping with the Boy Scouts.

The 3 big personal issues to take care of are Heat, Humidity and Hydration:

Heat

As your body heats up, evaporation is the way your body handles cooling off. As moisture (perspiration) on you is released it carries the heat away. This works well in dry, hot areas.

Humidity

Air saturated with moisture is going to have a tough time absorbing additional moisture through evaporation. So, in humid areas you need to create air movement to encourage evaporation. Breezy areas around lakes are good for this.

Hydration

Perspiration draws water out of your body, which must be replaced frequently. Being thirsty is not a good indicator of your need for water. Surprisingly enough, your urine is the best indicator. Drink often enough so that your urine is light-colored or clear. If it’s dark colored, drink more water!

Water drinking tips:

  • Keep water easily available and drink often
  • Avoid drinking lots of caffeinated drinks. They act as diuretics and remove fluids from your body.
  • Drink lots of water. Especially during a strenuous activity such as a hike. Take lots of water on a hike or hike to a known water source.

Hot Weather Clothing

Picking the right clothing for a hot weather campout can go a long way to making you a happy camper! Keep these tips in mind:

  • Pick light-colored, breathable fabrics that don’t absorb heat. Leave your black “Metalica” t-shirt at home! ☺
  • Wear a hat. Not only for shade, but to ward off sunstroke and over heating
  • Nylon or polyester shorts and shirts are always good. The fabric is cool, durable and will dry quickly when you perspire
  • Cotton is also a good choice. But I find it doesn’t dry as quickly and at night I don’t want a wet, cold shirt on my back

Bugs

If you are in a bug-infested area, you may need a hat with netting or need to wear long, light-colored pants and a long sleeved shirt. Above all, apply and re-apply insect repellent (DEET-based), especially around your ankles, neck, and ears.

Sun

I hope everyone is “programmed” to put on sunscreen and wear a hat when going on a summer campout, let alone a hot weather camp. In humid climates purchase the waterproof sunscreen so it won’t come off when you perspire. And, always use at least 15 SPF. Don’t forget some lip balm! You can get this in 15 SPF also.

There’s nothing worse than trying to sleep with a bad sunburn. ☹

Find shady places to set up camp, bring a canopy or make one by stringing a tarp between some trees.

Hot Weather Gear

When camping in hot weather you can bring the same gear as you would normally take on a campout, except your bedding should be lighter and cooler. What I mean by this is, bring a light nylon sleeping bag, or a bed sheet and a couple of blankets.

In hot, dry weather sleeping under the stars is the best camping has to offer. Slip a sleeping pad under your sleeping bag and you are set. If you need more shelter you can tie up the ends of a tarp in the trees or sling the tarp over a tight robe, tied between two trees.

Most good 3 season tents have a rain fly that goes over the top of the tent to prevent moisture from coming in. This is good in humid, hot camping, but I would remove the rain fly in hot, dry areas so you have a “screened” roof to keep the bugs out and watch the stars as you doze off.

Keeping things Cool

Once you are settled into camp and you have your personal hydration under control, your tent in the shade, and maybe a canopy setup to get out of the sum, you are pretty much ready to enjoy the campout.

Keeping food and drinks cool in hot weather is not difficult. In the desert camping I do, I bring two coolers, one for drinks and one for food. Knowing ahead of time that the drink cooler will be opened and closed all day, but the food one will not. I bring extra ice and store it in the food cooler and as the drink cooler looses ice, I replace it My coolers will keep my food and drinks cold for about two days. Any campout longer than that and I’ve got to make a trip for ice.

If you are prepared and follow these tips you can enjoy hot weather camping and especially the “under the stars” sleep out that is totally unique! I am constantly in awe of the number of stars in the sky on a clear, hot night.

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Source by Tim Dales

The Advantages of Bulk Powders Heat Exchanger Technology

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Technological advancements in the field of industrial processing have brought dynamic impacts and developments when it comes to productivity and product quality. If before, heating and cooling bulk powder materials using the traditional method is very inefficient and at the same time yields low quality final product. Today, we can find a lot of innovative technology that were expertly engineered to provide efficiency in the major industrial processes like heating and cooling bulk solids such as sugar, fertilizer, chemicals, plastics, dried biosolids, minerals, and many other types of grains, crystals and bulk powders.

The bulk powders heat exchanger technology is one of the worlds leading technologies in cooling and heating bulk solids materials and bulk powders of all types. It was expertly designed with technical superiority compared to other competing technologies we have today. Furthermore, it has many innate advantages that are incomparable and couldn’t be matched with the traditional method of processing bulk solids materials.

Produces Superior Bulk Powder Quality

Unlike with other bulk processing technologies, the bulk powders heat exchanger technology maintains the highest quality while heating and cooling bulk materials by not altering the particle characteristics through out the entire process. This was made possible by making the materials to pass through the bulk powders heat exchanger technology at a slow and controlled rate to avoid any damages to the products and by which also allows the precise prediction and control of the products final temperature.

Energy-efficient Processes

The bulk powder heat exchanger technology saves a lot of energy since it uses up to 90% less energy compared to the traditional method and other competing technologies. This proven efficiency is a result of a proprietary process that does not rely on air, which means users save energy while eliminating emissions. Unlike to the traditional method which rely entirely on air in all it’s processes, this new technology cools and heat bulk products with out the use of air. This means that you save energy and at the same time you eliminates emission and other accompanying problems by having the products contacts with the air.

No Emissions, Dusts, Fines and Odors

With the help of the indirect plate cooling design, air was not used in cooling bulk materials and it has no contacts with the products during the entire process, thus, the risks of bacterial contamination, odor contamination, and product moisture content changes are totally eliminated. Also, emissions, dust, fines and odors are eliminated because air is not used to directly cooling the product.

No Moving Parts and with Compact and Modular Design

The bulk powder heat exchanger technology was designed to process bulk product materials with out any moving parts to provide easy maintenance, reliable operation and years of low cost. In addition, this technology has a vertical configuration making it both modular and compact. Its modular design allows additional heat exchanger plate banks in the future if increased cooling capacity is required. On the other hand, its compact installation makes it easy to integrate in existing plants and is ideal for de-bottlenecking, revamps and capacity increases.

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Source by Leo M Smith

Unimpeachable Care Of The Critically One By Vedanta Air Ambulance In Patna With ICU Proper Treatment

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This Air Ambulance Cost is the loyalty and precedes Air travel provider to give out and execute the patient’s requirements of the moving process. This service makes presented the greatest and practised faculty of under the supervision of MD Doctors and the expert team to give out of the ordinary management during the evacuation process.

We comprehend the desires of this ability in others city also, so this Air Ambulance Service in Patna is always ready to take off your needy ones serve the necessity of the health transfer conveniences with the proper care and special inspection. Our Company preferred easy on the pocket rate air medical service 24 hours in the emergency case and require of the patient shifting facility.

We supply of the crisis medical group departure faculty of the patients relocate with all the ICU emergency equipment like Defibrillator, Cardiac Monitor, Ventilator, Oxygen Therapy – Re-breathing circuit, Suction kit, Spinal collars, Spine board, Inflatable splints, Collapsible wheelchair, Medical kits, Drugs, Blood pressure cuff, Pulse oximeter, Syringe pump, Scoop stretcher and many more basic and advanced life care support with the extraordinary team of the paramedics technician who can handle all these tools in effortlessness and the MD Doctors to accomplish the need of treatment.

In the ventilator cases transport of the needy ones because at the present remedial treatment center doctors couldn’t offer the crucial medical cure to the patients to their injuries, so you want to move your patient to another medical treatment centre in another place but could find the technique to reallocate those needy ones because the patients are with the Intensive Care Unit with Ventilation.

This is one of the top and with around the clock procuring casual health relocate amenities including MBBS doctor, Paramedical technician and a professional medicinal team you need there is not only saving the cost but we supply aggressive prices to the patient and there is no any an extra headache and hidden cost. This Air Ambulance Service in Delhi prefers their most excellent and advances service in Delhi, Bangalore, Kolkata, Guwahati, Chennai, Mumbai, Bhubaneswar and other aerial cities in India.

Air Ambulance from Patna work with capable and practised remedial dispatches by private charter aircraft and commercial jet with medical migration facility from one-bed hospital to another desire city hospital bed. This is one of the handpicked and sophisticated service providers in India which has health care service for transportation bedside to bedside and anywhere in India.

Vedanta Air Ambulance Guwahati are specialized in Air, Train and Ground Ambulance service we are available 24/7 hours and 365 days a year for the wounded and serious patient. The Air Ambulance fare is one of the most times saving and speedy and safe service provider by mass departure system. This Air Ambulance also has a preference for all handpicked and highly developed assessment which is illustrated city. This Company with avail compensation of best and an economic ICU carry Charted Air Ambulance Service from Delhi with complete peer to peer transfer facility from Patna city to Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Allahabad, Hyderabad and always available for patients. This Service is well-furnished and most-well-known where provides immediate transportation with the patient from one medical treatment centre to other any destination in India.

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Source by Ranjeet Kumar

Improve Your RV Refrigerator Performance With a Cooling Fan

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When the temperature gets hot out, your RV refrigerator can struggle to keep it’s temperature cool enough to avoid food spoilage and to keep your beer at the perfect drinking chilliness. There are several factors that contribute to refrigerator efficiency, such as the sun beating down on the refrigerator side of your RV, or a dirty gas burner creating a poor heating flame. Even the levelness of your RV can cause inefficiency over time. One of the simplest and most effective mods that can be made is to improve the ventilation at the back of the refrigerator by using a fan to direct air up and out of the refrigerator vent column.

An RV refrigerator is not like a residential unit. It uses a heat absorption system rather than an electric compressor, condenser, and evaporator, as a residential refrigerator does. Heat absorption requires removing the heat from the absorption unit via chemicals and air circulation. This is accomplished by convection or draft. A narrow space behind the refrigerator allows cooler air to be drawn in to the space at the bottom of the unit. The air rises and passes over the heat absorption unit fins, and out of the vent on the roof above the unit.

Some refrigerator installations actually prevent this convection action to work. In a typical RV installation, a dead air space can exist directly above the refrigerator. This space can trap warm air and drastically reduce the draft effect. This reduction in draft is why you should do the refrigerator cooling fan mod. While not a cure all for a poor refrigerator installation, a fan can dramatically improve refrigerator cooling performance.

There are several fan types that can be used for this mod. It is recommended that you use one of the permanent-mount types as the battery-powered kind can require frequent replacement of the batteries, especially if you forget to turn the fan off when not using it. Some use computer fans that are 3 to 4″ in diameter. These require little power and move a surprising amount of air.

A thermostatically-controlled fan however, is the best way to install a refrigerator ventilation fan. These are permanently mounted and have a thermostat that provides power to the fan when the ambient air temperature reaches some set point. Different temperature set points are available with the most common switching at 80°F. A switch can also be wired in to the fan’s power supply so that you have control over when the fan is on.

There is some debate as to where the most effective place to install the vent fan. Camco, for example, has a solar powered fan and refrigerator roof vent combination. This puts the fan at the top of the vent stack, pulling air through the lower vent and up through the roof vent. Still others mount the fan at the bottom of the vent stack, right at the lower vent. This position pushes air up through the stack. Both have been found to work equally as well so the choice is your on which way to go. Either way, using a vent fan will ensure a cold beer on a hot day.

Tip: Try to park your RV where the refrigerator side of the RV will be in the shade as much as possible. This will help reduce temperatures inside the refrigerator vent column dramatically. If shade is unavailable and your refrigerator is on the curb side, use the awning to provide shade.

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Source by Mark Corgan

Benefits of a Thermos Food Jar

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While most people know about Thermos, when they think about that brand they think about the beverage containers that people use to carry around hot coffee and keep it fresh. These are great products, but Thermos has many other useful products in their lineup as well, and right at the top of that list is the Thermos food jar, which provides many benefits.

You’ll quickly find for yourself that a Thermos food jar has near endless possibilities in terms of how it can be used. Below, you’ll see some of the specific benefits and usages of the product, and you’ll probably want to pounce on getting one so you can start taking advantage of what they have to offer too.

No matter where you’re going, a Thermos food jar can be used to bring your food with you on the go. That means you can pack up your child’s lunch for school, or you can bring your own lunch to work, or even a meal or snack as you’re doing errands all day and running around. A thermos food jar makes use of a double layered, vacuum insulation design, and this provides top notch temperature retention. Translated into easier language, that means your food stays fresh and ready to go no matter what it is and no matter when you plan on enjoying it later.

For cold foods, you’ll find that these jars can maintain that fresh, chilled temperature for up to 7 hours. They can do this without even having condensation on the outside of the container. But a Thermos food jar isn’t just for cold foods, it’s also for hot foods. That means any meal that you can have at home you can have on the go, and nothing is out of range. Plus, you won’t need to worry about heating things up later and needing a microwave or anything else. Just get your food ready, pack it up and it can stay piping hot and fresh for up to 5 hours, ready to eat as you please.

Clearly, these are useful and beneficial products that anyone can make use of. On top of all of the above, they also are lightweight and small in stature, making them simple to carry with you anywhere without hassle or stress. Not only that, but many Thermos food jar designs have wide mouth openings, which mean that you can eat directly from them without any extra dishes or plates to pack up and then clean up later. Plus, they come in many different styles, sizes and even shapes, ensuring that you can find one that’s a perfect match no matter what you’re looking for.

The Thermos food jar is a wonderfully convenient product and it’s filled with benefits and advantages. Ultimately, you’ll be able to enjoy tasty, delicious and fresh food all day long in ways that were never possible before, and that will make things much more simple and enjoyable for you and your family.

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Source by Thomas Wilder