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What Are The Compliance/Enforcement Considerations For Gluten-Free Products

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The Gluten-Free Rule allows food free of gluten by nature to bear a gluten-free labeling claim provided it meets all FDA requirements for a gluten-free food. The rule also allow manufacturers to place the voluntary gluten-free claim anywhere on the food label as long as it does not interfere with the mandatory labeling information.

Compliance/Enforcement Considerations for FDA

Any food product bearing a gluten-free claim must meet the rule’s requirement or be subject to FDA’s enforcement. For FDA-regulated foods that have an outdated gluten-free claim on the label, the length of time given to such product to be cycled off grocery store shelves will vary depending on inventory, product shelf-life, consumer popularity of the product and other variables. FDA ensures compliance by using its routine post marketing monitoring activities such as: Sampling, periodic inspections of manufacturing facilities, conducting food label reviews, follow-up on consumer and industry complaints, conducting gluten analyses of food samples.

Compliance/enforcement considerations for manufacturers and suppliers

The pathways to accomplish compliance are as follows: Product testing to determine the gluten level but testing alone is not sufficient to ensure gluten compliance. Other measures are: Investing in quality management system that evaluates suppliers assurance, Good manufacturing practices (GMPs) and ongoing training.

Compliance/Enforcement Considerations for Retailers and Specifiers

Retailers must have confidence in their sources of gluten-free products by implementing a structured supplier qualification program. This includes verification through supplier certification or internal verification testing, applying in-store, separation and hygiene rules.

Supplier Compliance Regulations

Treat supplier compliance as an extension of your own business process. Suppliers could be third-party organizations but they are also extension of your enterprise. Therefore enforce compliance standard, policies and activities in your supply chain with same level of diligence and commitment that is applied within your organization. To create a truly compliant and risk aware supply chain, you choose the right suppliers based on a third-party risk assessment. Know who you are doing business with, beyond just your tier 1 suppliers. Learn who your suppliers’ suppliers are. Try to learn their corporate and compliance objectives and only choose those whose objectives align with yours.

Supplier Assurance Evaluation

In order to creditably support gluten claims companies must have: Control for gluten in the supply chain at every step. Suppliers must be able to deliver, produce and document a consistently gluten-free ingredient, which involves having appropriate procedures for communicating any changes in their ingredients that may affect gluten status, assessment of processes and sub-ingredients, assessing suppliers’ certification, assessing suppliers’ internal monitoring program, and pre-shipment verification testing.

Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs)

The suppliers’ program should be supported with GMPs that prevents cross-contamination and co-mingles gluten-free ingredients with others. This includes separation and segregation, managing and limiting people and equipment traffic across the site, dedicated and easily distinguishable equipment, appropriately validated cleaning regimes, sufficient space around equipment and between production lines to ensure cleaning is effective and to facilitate adequate inspection and maintenance, and prevention and/or mitigation of the potential for airborne impacts.

If a manufacturer uses a gluten-free claim on its packaging, but do not meet the requirements of the FDA, the product could be deemed misbranded. The regulatory actions of FDA against misbranded products include: Monetary penalties, no-sale orders, product seizures or injunctions. All companies looking to export requires to be aware of other region’s requirements for gluten-free claims. In general, the 20ppm requirement of the FDA rule is consistent with international standards including Codex Alimentarius Commission’s revised Codex Standards for Foods for Special Dietary Use of Persons Intolerant to Gluten. European Commission Regulation No 41/2009 that concerns the composition and labeling of foodstuffs suitable for people intolerant to gluten. Codex Standard, European Commission Regulation. Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code and Health Canada included oat as gluten- containing grains whereas the US final rule does not.

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Source by Deepthi J

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Cut Energy Costs At Home: 5 Easy Ways

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With the economy in tatters, and unemployment still hovering around 10%, it is becoming increasingly difficult to make ends meet. In some homes, 75% of the electricity used to power home electronics and small appliances is consumed when they are turned off; according to the Department of Energy website. There are lots of ways to save money through energy efficiency at home. But before you start storming through the house wildly unplugging things to save a few bucks you need to know what areas in your house are costing you money. Here are 5 tips on how to save real money just by keeping your house from using power when you’re not around.

1. Perform A Home Energy Audit

Do a home energy audit. This tells you the places in your home that you may be losing money. You can either hire someone to do this audit professionally or do it yourself. Seeing that you are looking to save money, you can do it yourself fairly easily. The Department of Energy website goes into all the details and tells you exactly how to give your home an energy audit, the link is below.

2. Install Green Switches

Cut your energy consumption by installing “green switches” in your home. A green switch is a device that controls the power to all electronics plugged in to the green switch outlet. All electronics use power even when they are turned off because they draw power from the outlet while they are plugged in. Just think about the TV, dvd player, stereo, and computer. Every night while you are asleep and they are powered down, they are still sucking electricity while they are plugged in. Think of a green switch as a light switch for your electric outlets. Just don’t use them for electronics that need power continuously to function. For example; your DVR or refrigerator.

3. Light Bulbs

Light bulbs are an easy way to save big money in energy costs. Switch to energy efficient light bulbs, they are a little more expensive than traditional bulbs but last up to 3 times as long and use far less energy as traditional bulbs. If you like the traditional bulbs you can still save money. Use less light bulbs than you are used to. Most kitchens, bathrooms, and dining rooms have multiple light sockets in their light fixtures. Instead of using two 100 watt bulbs in the kitchen, try using one 150 watt bulb. Four light bulbs in a dining room seems a little much, two will give plenty of light. The Department of Energy website says it is better to use fewer bulbs at a higher wattage than more bulbs at a lower wattage. Use motion sensor lights for the outside of your home rather than keeping an outside light on all night, or use solar powered outside lighting.

4. Digital Thermostats

You would be surprised at all of the millions of homes that still have thermostats over 15 years old. Digital thermostats now have all kinds of functions that, by design, save you money on your energy bill. They are more accurate in getting the proper room temperature which means the system runs only when it needs to. You can also give it specific times to turn on and off through out the day and night; which is more efficient than just setting the thermostat higher when no one is home.

5. Insulation and Drafts

Every spring and fall you should go around your house, inside and outside, and check your insulation and check for drafts. Replace any insulation that is rotting, falling out, or has been damaged. Use caulk and weather stripping to seal windows, doors, and any other areas that are not sealed properly. Check doors for drafts, the garage for holes or weather damage, and the basement and attic for possible damage.

There are dozens of ways to trim you energy bill. These will get you started on the road to energy savings. Green switches, digital thermostats, and energy efficient light bulbs may seem like small potatoes to you, but just give it a try, and watch how your energy bill shrinks in size. As an added bonus you will be also helping the environment by reducing your carbon footprint. Next time you are looking to save a little money, look around your house for more ways to reduce your energy costs.

Home Energy Audit: http://www.energysavers.gov/your_home/energy_audits/index.cfm/mytopic=11170

Sources: www.energysavers.gov

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Source by Wil Chavis

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5 Beginner Tips For Camping Without Electricity

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Camping is all about taking a break from your routine and just relaxing and recharging in the great outdoors. Many campers right now want to try back country camping where there is no electricity – just you and the outdoors. It might seem overhwelming in the beginning, but when you know what to do and handle different situations, you’ll find that camping without electricity is even more rewarding!

Be one with nature and truly relax at the backcountry with these beginner tips for camping without electricity!

Be Prepared

The key to achieving any successful trip is to come prepared. This is even more important if you’re planning to camp traditionally. Make sure you do research about your chosen campsite. You know there’s no electricity, but is there a source of water? Where’s the nearest place you can ask for help in case of emergencies?

Also, make sure you pack right to cover everything – all the things you’re going to need for sleeping, cooking, eating, bathing and entertainment. It would be helpful if you make a checklist and use it while packing.

Plan Your Meals

Plan your meals ahead and keep everything simple. Consider the lack of power so you’ll be cooking over a campfire, a grill or an electric stove, depending on what you prefer. Plan your food per day throughout your trip and go for recipes that are easy to cook. If possible, do most of the preparation at home. Pack your cooler right and be sure that you cook perishables first.

If you plan to cook over a fire, be sure you have everything needed to create one.

Bring Drinking Water

In the backcountry, when there’s no electricity, there’s usually no source of drinking water, too. It’s important to check if your chosen site has a water source. If there is, it’s usually fine for bathing and washing dishes, but not for drinking.

Bring clean drinking water that will last throughout your entire trip. You can bring water in gallons or in smaller individual bottles.

Bring a source of light

You’ll need a source of light to move around the campsite, especially at night. You can light a campfire, but you can’t move it around or bring inside your tent. Be sure to bring a flashlight, a lantern, some candles and some extra batteries.

Keep warm

No matter what season you’ll be camping, it’s important to prepare for cold nights. Bring a wool sweater, wool socks, thick blankets, extra bedding, sleeping pads and a thermal sleeping bag.

Camping without electricity gets easier over time – just follow these simple but effective tips!

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Source by Daniel J. Smith

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Very Simple Banana Bread Recipe

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We all love bananas right? They are a popular and highly nutritious fruit that can be found in pretty much every country around the world. They are the second most exported fruit across the globe after tomatoes, if you can really class them as a fruit in the conventional style. There are hardly any calories in a banana to worry about and they taste delicious, but eating them on their own all the time can get a little boring, even for the biggest banana fans out there.

With this in mind I thought that I would share a very quick and easy banana bread recipe that I picked up over the weekend when staying with some friends. Trust me you do not need to be a Gordan Ramsay in the kitchen to be able to make this, and I would like to make the point that if I can make it, then anyone can!

Ingredients for my very simple banana bread recipe

So first things first, I am going to list here the ingredients that you are going to need for this very simple banana bread recipe. These are all things that you will likely have in the kitchen, if not they are all easily located at any local store or supermarket.

* 4 bananas, the riper (or browner) the better

* 1/3 cup of butter

* 1 egg

* 1 teaspoon of vanilla

* 1/3 cup of raisins

* 1 teaspoon of baking soda

* Sprinkling of salt

* 3/4 cup of sugar

* 1 and a half cups of flour

Utensils needed

* Oven

* Wooden spoon

* Cup (to measure your ingredients)

* A teaspoon

* A large bowl

* Fork

* 4*8 deep loaf pan

* Cooling rack

You don’t have to include the raisins if you don’t like them or don’t have any in the kitchen, they are just an additional ingredient that I used to make my easy banana bread recipe that little bit more tasty.

How to make banana bread

So you have all of your ingredients in front of you, now it is time for a very brief explanation to highlight just how easy this banana bread recipe actually is. In fact it should not take you any more than five minutes to prepare the banana bread before popping it in the over for approximately one hour.

1. Before you get your hands on the ingredients, put the oven on at 175 decrees C, or 350 degrees F, this is to ensure that is has preheated by the time you pop your banana bread mix in it to cook.

2. Peel the bananas and put them in the bowl and proceed to mash them up with the fork.

3. Grab your wooden spoon and mix the butter into mashed up banana in the bowl.

4. Next add the egg and continue to mix, before then adding the raisins, sugar and vanilla, continuing to mix.

5. While you are still mixing add the salt and the baking soda.

6. Next add the flour and mix some more.

7. Butter the pan before pouring/scooping the mixture into it.

8.Place in the oven for an hour.

9. Remove from the oven and place on cooling rack

10. Enjoy!

As you can see this simple banana bread recipe can be achieved in 10 quick and easy steps, by anyone no matter what their level of expertise in the kitchen.

Calories in banana bread

If you are somebody who is watching their weight and counting the calories then the number of calories in banana bread may be of interest to you. It is difficult to put an exact number on each slice but I would say that there are approximately 220-240 calories in each slice of banana bread.

I can also add though that there are various nutritional benefits you can obtain from eating banana bread, with the exact nutrients that it contains listed below:

* Potassium

* Iron

* Calcium

* Sodium

* Vitamin A

* Vitamin C

* Protein

I hope that you have found my simple banana bread recipe useful and that you will be giving it a go at home yourself.

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Source by Steve D Wright

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Hydronic Heat Exchanger – The 3 Basic Types of Hydronic Heating Systems You Should Know

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Hydronic heat exchangers or “steam” systems have been around with us since the 1800’s at the dawn of the Industrial Age. Steam engines changed the world of transportation almost overnight and steam heat or hydronic heat exchanger systems did the same thing residential and commercial heating.

Almost at the same time that the first steam boilers were made power the great railroad engines, manufacturing mills and cargo ships, steam heat found its way into the home. This is not an unnatural course of events considering the amount of heat that can be put out by steam; as anyone who has ever sat for long in a moist sauna can testify to.

The Theory behind Hydronic Heating Systems

These systems are actually very simple. The most common hydronic heat exchanger consists of three main components: the boiler (the heating source), the piping array and the heat exchangers (which transfer the heat from the water into warmth for the room.)

The process goes like this: water is heated and then either turned into steam or very near to boiling and is then piped to radiators (located through-out the house) or to thermal mass floorings (which absorbs the heat and slowly releases it into the room).

The 3 types of fuel sources for a hydronic heat exchanger are electric, gas or oil-fired boilers. Boilers can be made from cast-iron, stainless steel or copper. While there are different ways that each of these boilers are constructed, each with their own advantages and disadvantages, the main idea to understand that is each boiler is basically heating a closed-water system.

This means that any chronic lost of fluid can cause a problem. This is why the type of piping array becomes critically important to the overall system.

The Three Types

As you may have guessed by now, hydronic heat exchangers are most often classified by their piping arrangements:

o One-pipe or single pipe
o Two pipe
o Loop series

The oldest of their designs is the one-pipe array. A single pipe carries steam from the boiler to every radiator in the structure. The single-pipe has a layout made so that eventually gravity will pull the condensed water in the piping back into the boiler tank. A two-pipe system uses a second return pipe instead of gravity-induced flow to bring water back to the holding tanks.

Both single and two pipe systems were designed for steam-based heat exchangers but most modern units use hot water in a loop series of pipes as the heat conductors. This type of system offers a slimmer wall-mount, stainless steel heat transfer unit and has better energy-efficient water to air heat transfer rates.

Another advantage of this kind of hydronic heating is that if properly equipped will heat water for domestic uses like cooking, washing or bathing as well as water for external uses such as swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, garages or greenhouses. Plus looped pipe hydronic heat exchangers will not only provide heat in the winter months but can be used to circulate chilled water in the summer months to aid in overall cooling.

So as you can see modern hydronic heat exchanger systems can not warm you and your family in those cold winter months but also provide a low cost method of central air cooling as well.

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Source by Rupert Smith

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Roof Maintenance – 4 Practical Tips For Making Your Roof Last Longer

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Regular roof maintenance can save you the expensive cost of replacing your roof prematurely. Moreover, having your roof inspected can prevent structural damage to your home, which is usually caused by harsh weather conditions, damaged gutters, and several other factors. With all these benefits, it makes sense to employ the best techniques in keeping your roof in excellent condition while increasing the value of your home.

Effective Ways to Maintain Your Roof’s Quality

The following are some tips that can help you maintain the durability and outstanding quality of your roof.

1. Make it a point to inspect your roof regularly.

During a roof inspection, you can determine if there is a need to replace any missing or loose roofing nails that are likely to cause problems eventually. Furthermore, regular inspection enables you to check for loose shingles or damages on your roof. For this task, you may hire a professional roofer whom you can rely on for a thorough inspection or roof repair whenever necessary.

2. Replace and improve some parts of your roof that need replacement.

In case you have discovered any damages on your roof such as the gutter system and plumbing boots, then you should consider replacing these to prevent serious problems in the future. There may also be a need to re-caulk or seal the chimney flashing, particularly when there are issues in this area of your home.

Other signs that your roof needs repair include leak stains on your ceiling, shingle granules that show up on your driveway or in your gutters, and roof that tends to have a sagging appearance.

3. Ensure proper ventilation to protect your roof from damages.

One of the most important factors in ensuring roof durability is proper ventilation. Poorly-ventilated roofs are prone to several problems, as excessive moisture and heat can cause the shingles to buckle and increase energy consumption. In addition, insufficient ventilation can also cause the sheathing and rafters to rot.

4. Keep the gutters clean and free from debris.

You can maintain your roof’s durability by removing small branches, leaves, moss and vegetation from your gutters. Make sure the downspouts, as well as the downspout extensions, are free from mildew and other debris, so you can assure the proper flow of water from the roof and prevent leaks.

It is also important that you inspect for sagging gutters or broken drain components. If there is a need to repair or replace these parts, then you should act immediately to maintain the excellent function of your drainage system.

Bottom Line

As with any piece of equipment, you cannot expect your roof to perform its functions without regular inspection. These roof maintenance tips can serve as a guide on what should be done, so you can be certain that your roof and drainage system are functioning properly. By regularly checking for problems and replacing any damaged part of your roof, you can avoid inconveniences and massive expenses due to structural damages.

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Source by Nicholas Sayor

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Natural Pet Therapy: How Feng Shui Therapy Can Heal Your Pet Cat, Dog, Bird, Horse or Exotic Animal

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Pets are Feng Shui, according to Feng Shui expert, Yvonne Phillips — author of Feng Shui ABC.

“Pets emit a strong, positive form of energy in your home because they are constantly in motion. There is no better Feng Shui for your home,” said Yvonne, “than having an animal run around spreading positive chi.”

Pet Feng Shui for Pet Health & Pet Energy

Yvonne noted that animals are drawn to the best energy in a room or home. Generate positive energy in your home, and you will enhance your pet’s overall health and happiness.

“Your animal will lie down on the area that has the best energy in the home.

“They will always lie down on a rug, instead of the hard floor unless they are a hugh animal and have lots of fur to keep them warm.”

Pet Feng Shui with Fresh Food, Fresh Water and a Clean Bed

Yvonne stressed that pets like fresh food and water the same as you do! They also like a favorite blanket and favorite toy, so spoil them with what they love.

Pet Feng Shui by giving your pet a clean bed!

“We have included them in our homes, so we should make the appropriate choices of where they sleep or eat in order to live with us successfully. You like a clean home, they like a clean home as well.”

Pet Feng Shui with a Clean Home

Yvonne raised another important pet Feng Shui issue: cleanliness. Keep pet plates clean at all times. Be sure not to leave soap residue in your pet’s dish or water bowl. Soap residue can be very harmful for animals. Pets, especially cats, are drawn to well lit areas (like the window sill). Make certain those areas are clean and accessible — that you don’t have anything in the way that can be knocked over.

Pet Feng Shui with Color

Cats can see several colors. My cat is partial to red blankets.

Yvonne indicated that her cat is drawn to both red and green.

She suggested that pet Feng Shui plates should be pretty and colorful. Yellow bowls and plates can create an especially happy pet eating area.

Negative to plastic! I’ve tossed out all those tiny plastic bowls sold in pet stores.

My cat eats from a colorful glass plate and drinks from a glass bowl. He’s much happier — purring throughout the entire meal.

Yvonne recommends that you can also use red to energize and feng shui a pet’s eating area.

The eating area should also be a protected space — a corner out of the path of humans. Cats (more so than dogs) like privacy while they eat.

Pet Feng Shui with Natural Salt Lamps and Natural Salt Candleholders

It’s difficult to determine if wall colors affect cats and dogs, but pets can definitely sense the energy flow within a room.

I use Natural Salt Therapy for Pet Feng Shui in every room of my house.

Natural salt lamps and natural salt candleholders release negative ions in abundance – known for enhancing your well-being, energizing the room and gently purifying the air.

Natural salt lamps and candleholders cleanse and purify home air from harmful bacteria.

They also combat dangerous indoor electro “smog” (computers, televisions, etc.) — thus further safeguarding your pet.

And here’s another natural salt benefit. Salt lamps and salt candleholders radiate a stunning, soft pink/red glow.

Pets are attracted to natural light and especially to the rich warmth of natural salt lamps and salt candleholders.

Yvonne recommends natural salt lamps for her clients and also uses them in her own home.

A Feng Shui basket of Salt Crystals will also elevate and harmonize room energy for your pet.

Copyright by Dr. Joyce Starr, 2006. All Rights Reserved.

**Attn. Editors: You are free to use this article, so long as the Copyright & Resource Box remain intact.

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Source by Dr. Joyce Starr

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Simple Tips to Keep Your Employees Safe at Work Following a Lockdown

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After the ending of COVID-19 lockdown, both employers and employees have to make necessary adjustments. If you are an employer, we suggest that you take the following measures to ensure a safe environment for your employees. Read on to find out more.

  • Implementation of PPE and hand sanitization policies for areas that are at a higher risk of COVID-19
  • Implementation of control measures to curb the spread of the virus
  • Informing employees of the planned changes

According to a report published on WebMD, given below are a few steps that can help business owners curb the spread of COVID-19:

  • After the lockdown, make sure have each area disinfected before the employees come back
  • Change workstations to encourage social distancing of a minimum of 6 feet
  • Screen each worker for the symptoms of the infection
  • Put together a written policy as to how you can deal with workers who have the infection
  • Isolate employees who may be at a higher risk of catching or spreading the virus
  • Share all your resources to help your workers maintain their physical, emotional and mental health

Although proper hygiene is important, most employers don’t take proper measures to clean indoor air.

Preserve Indoor Air Quality

You need to take additional precautions in order to preserve your indoor air quality. This is as important as social distancing and hand hygiene. The purpose is to prevent the virus from spreading. Common symptoms of COVID-19 include flu, cough, and pneumonia. If ignored, these symptoms can cause a lot of complications and death.

Generally, the virus spreads via bodily fluids and touching contaminated surfaces directly.

Install Air Purifiers

Apart from the measures listed above, you can also invest in a good air purifier. The role of these units is to filter the microorganisms flying around in enclosed workplaces. Although these products can’t guarantee that it will filter all microorganisms, they can make your indoor air as clean as possible.

According to WHO, you should take the following measures to prevent the transmission of COVID-19:

  • Install hand sanitization stations to help your employees practice good hygiene
  • Encourage your employees to put on good face masks, especially while working together
  • Ask them to use a tissue to cover their coughs and sneezes
  • If any of your employees has difficulty breathing, get medical attention right away
  • Don’t touch raw meat and take care of animal organs

Some Ways to Improve Indoor Air Quality

The good news is that you can improve your indoor air quality by following a few simple steps that are given below:

  • Make sure that the air vents in the workplace are open
  • Don’t forget to change the air filters of your heating and cooling system
  • Make sure that the RH level remains between 30% and 50%, which is important to reduce mold and mildew

In short, we suggest that you encourage your employees to follow these tips if they want to be on the safe side after the ending of a lockdown.

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Source by James Yuan

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Healthy Diet Weight Loss Plan – Feel Better With a Healthy Diet to Lose Weight

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How would you like to follow a healthy diet for weight loss?

Have you ever wondered about the side effects of weight loss surgery and diet pills?

If you had, you have come in the right place at right time.

With a healthy diet weight loss plan you will feel better, look beautiful, will have a healthy lifestyle with no surgery, no pills. It is also easy to do with great results and consists real foods.

A healthy diet weight loss plan is all about consuming balanced food in proper way. Here is how you do it –

1. First give a deep thought what I am going to say in the next sentence. If you understand fully the meaning of it, you will be miles ahead in losing weight while you feel better. Researchers have seen that you eat based on five basic instincts – hunger, satiety (means how much satisfied you feel after you eat), availability, familiarity & variety. So you must have a direct or indirect control over this five basic instincts and then you can also control what food you eat and how much. So next time you go to freezer keep away those high calorie foods out of reach ( may be even better if you don’t keep them at all) and keep foods with high fiber, fresh vegetables, non fat dairy products in front of you (based on control over basic instinct no. 3).

2. The next step would be to select right kind of foods. Making them a daily part of your life will build a lifelong healthy lifestyle. Make it a habit to have protein in whatever food you eat and cut down all fat and sugar foods. Start your lunch or dinner with a salad or vegetable soup and then protein followed by carbohydrate. Eat half cup of whole grain carbohydrates (like rice, pasta, beans) at last. This will bring you satiety in your foods as well as will lose weight while being totally healthy.

3. Have this kind of protein rich foods 4-5 times daily having three hours space in between and eat nothing at that time.

4. Learn to calculate how many calories you will take to reach your next weight loss goal. Using a calorie calculator, let’s say you find out that e your daily metabolic rate is 3500 calories. That means your body daily needs that amount of energy to go on. If you burn 150 calories daily through exercises, then add that calorie to it. If you want to loose 2 lbs in a week, then you must eat 100 calories less than your metabolic rate plus exercise calories. So it means that you would consume meal of 1700 calories every day.

If you can follow this simple tips, you are sure to lose weight with a healthy diet plan.I wish you great success to lose weight with a healthy diet plan and having a great healthy lifestyle with better social and personal life.

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Source by Sudip Kr Dutta

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The Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Survival Readiness Pyramid

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Emergency preparedness is a noble endeavor, one that every individual should be engaged in. But, in order to make it an efficient pursuit, it shouldn’t be performed haphazardly. Many people start out with good intentions, but are misguided in their preparedness and food storage activities. They have a great goal in mind (i.e., being ready for the worst should a disaster or emergency occur), but there is no method to their madness. After they have randomly accumulated some of the necessities for any possible perceived threats, they are not then sure if they have all they need, and if they have allocated their resources properly. Of course almost anything is better than nothing, but there should be some prioritization beginning with preparation for a short-term disaster survival scenario all the way through to a “doomsday” predicament. Not everything can be prepared for because it is impossible to accurately predict the future, but it is certainly better to be over- than under prepared, and the best approach is to build a rock-solid emergency preparedness foundation and add to it in the proper sequence.

The proposed sequence is as follows: the first thing that everyone should store in case of emergency is a 72 hour emergency kit. A 72 hour emergency kit is an easy-to-carry and easily accessible package that contains items such as three days of water (most important) and non-perishable food items (preferably ready-to-eat goods), personal toiletry/hygiene items, first aid kit and medications, flashlight and batteries, blankets and sleeping bag, a radio, pocket knife, etc. 72 hours is the time frame that it will likely take to restore the usual services that are interrupted after a major disaster. You should plan on being self-sufficient for at least these three days.

The next level up in the readiness pyramid is a three-month supply of food storage that would include items that you ordinarily eat and can be rotated easily, eliminating any waste. These are such things as canned goods that fit easily into your food pantry or an extra closet, as well as frozen foods (meat, preserves, and vegetables).

MRE’s (meals ready-to-eat), freeze-dried foods, and dehydrated foods are the next step up in prioritization. These food storage items store for long periods of time in a climate-controlled environment, usually between 10 to 30 plus years.

Dry-pack storage items such as wheat, white rice, and beans move us even further up the readiness pyramid. These items are very nutrient dense, and take more work to prepare meals with, but are extremely versatile and can be included in too many recipes to count. They are very good staples for your diet. Other dry-pack items include powdered milk, powdered eggs and powdered butter, bullion (chicken and beef), flour, pasta noodles, etc.

After having considered food preparation adequately, it is time to move up the readiness pyramid to the level containing extra clothing and footwear. Remember you must consider the climate in which you live and the change (or not) in seasons. If you live in a region that has harsh winters, be certain to have adequate coats, sweaters, thermal underwear, warm clothing, gloves, boots, and blankets.

The next level up the pyramid is firearms and ammunition. First and foremost these serve as tools for killing game animals for meat should this become necessary. Secondly, these may serve as protection in the event of a disorderly societal breakdown (rioting, looting, etc.) where you may need to protect your family from harm.

Camping equipment basics such as tents, sleeping bags, backpacks, camping stoves/Dutch ovens, fishing pole and tackle, a Leatherman, matches, a lantern, and porta-potties will all make you much more confident in your abilities to survive in the outdoors if you need to move even further up the readiness pyramid, and have to evacuate your home for whatever reason for a period of time.

A person may survive indefinitely without a shower, but not comfortably. That is why this category of personal hygiene items is nearer the top of the readiness pyramid, but still very much a valid and useful part of it. The specific items you should include here are soap, shampoo, toothbrush and toothpaste, a razor and shaving cream, deodorant, feminine napkins, and diapers.

Finally, once you have completed your collection of each of the preceding layers and levels (and not before), top off the readiness pyramid with an emergency fund. This should cover as much as three to six months of living expenses, and then be supplemented with gold and especially silver (poor man’s gold) bullion.

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Source by Patrick Gunther